Newsflash: King David had Literate Servants

January 8, 2010

From today’s press [physorg.com]:

Professor Gershon Galil of the Department of Biblical Studies at the University of Haifa has deciphered an inscription on a pottery shard discovered in the Elah valley dating from the 10th century BCE (the period of King David’s reign), and has shown that this is a Hebrew inscription. The discovery makes this the earliest known Hebrew writing. The significance of this breakthrough relates to the fact that at least some of the biblical scriptures were composed hundreds of years before the dates presented today in research and that the Kingdom of Israel already existed at that time.

The ostracon (pottery shard with writing) has the following text: Read the rest of this entry »


Was die jüdische Frommigkeit animieren soll

December 30, 2009

Sektenspezialist Hugo Stamm erklärt in einem Interview [Tagesanzeiger.ch], was nach seinem Verständnis Menschen zu Sekten führt. Dabei macht er ein Vergleich mit der allgemeine wachsender Religiosität. So wurde der wachsende Interesse am fundamentalistischen Christentum kommen von:

Die Heilsvorstellung des Christentums entspricht nicht mehr dem Zeitgeist. Wir leben in einer Zeit des Machbarkeitswahns: Medizin, Technik und Wissenschaft geben uns das Gefühl, beinahe unsterblich zu sein. Im Christentum muss man aber glauben und hoffen, erlöst zu werden. Das Heil wird auf ein Leben nach dem Tod verschoben. Das passt nicht in unsere Mentalität. Wir wollen das Glück sofort. Das führt zu Allmachtsphantasien.

Wie steht das Judentum zu solchen Heilvorstellungen und wie fühöt es sich in der Moderne? Read the rest of this entry »


Equal Justice for All – even in Israel?

December 17, 2009

The Torah introduces the injunction to appoint judges and officers of the court in the just society the Children of Israel are to build and maintain, it provides an explicit mandate and raison d’être: צֶ֥דֶק צֶ֖דֶק תִּרְדֹּ֑ף – Justice, justice shalt thou follow (Devarim 16:20). While the repetition of a verb or noun is not uncommon in the Bible, it always comes for extra emphasis or to hint at something. While the source escapes me, I do recall a most worthy explanation of the doublet “justice, justice shalt thou pursue”: it is not sufficient to achieve a just result, the court must also act justly to arrive at those means. Another injunction in the same passage is: לֹא־תַטֶּ֣ה מִשְׁפָּ֔ט לֹ֥א תַכִּ֖יר פָּנִ֑ים – Thou shalt not wrest judgment; thou shalt not respect persons (ibid. v. 19).

These two principles are the basis upon which justice is carried out in enlightened societies. Justice must apply equally to all, and the ends do not justify the means.

Hence, it behooves us to decry violations of these principles, regardless whether or not we sympathize with a defendant. Haaretz, a strongly left leaning Israeli daily, has done exactly that in publishing the following opinion piece by Israel Harel, in defense of R’ Eliezer Melamed, a rosh yeshivat hesder who would not incline before the Israeli defense minister (selected quotes included below). Read the rest of this entry »


The Warmongering Laboring Amazons

December 14, 2009

R’ Yaaqov Emden (“Yaavetz”) remarks that it is appropriate for a woman in the throes of labor to recite Psalm 20, which is also part of the daily morning liturgy.

Does it thematically fit?

Thematically, Psalm 20 seems far removed from birth stools and midwives. Its theme is a military one, for soldiers going to battle against a powerful, well equipped enemy.

Some trust in chariots, and some in horses; but we will make mention of the name of LORD-ETERNAL our God. They are bowed down and fallen; but we are risen, and stand upright. (verses 8-9)

Is this custom preserving some vague memory of women becoming particularly aggressive during labor, of all times? Did ancient women pray to turn into fiery warmongering Amazons, thinking that those heroines don’t fear birthing pangs? Or is this psalm about the various implements used to make women most comfortable during the painful birthing pangs? Some modern women prefer giving birth in a bath or on a Roma Wheel, rather than in a bed or birthing stool. Did our ancient Israelite ancestresses prefer reclining on a horse or a wagon?

By the same token, we may ask why this psalm was incorporated into the daily liturgy of sedentary farmers and merchants. Is this not a prayer for officers and soldiers? Read the rest of this entry »


But is it Still Pork?

December 10, 2009

The Talmud, Shabbat 30b, reports how Rabban Gamliel taught how in Messianic times, our daily material needs will be met without effort, and some of the pain and drudgery that is a hallmark of life, will disappear:

R. Gamaliel sat and expounded, the Land of Israel is destined to bring forth cakes and wool robes [from the trees and the fields–af], for it is said (Tehillim 72:16), There shall be an handful of grain in the land. יתיב רבן גמליאל וקא דריש עתידה ארץ ישראל שתוציא גלוסקאות וכלי מילת שנאמר (תהילים עב) יהי פסת בר בארץ

This statement didn’t earn Rabban Gamliel universal admiration. Indeed, the Talmud reports that one disciple reacted with derision and laughter, quoting from Kohelet: there will be nothing new under the sun. Not to be undercut, Rabban Gamliel replied by pointing out that these phenomena already exist and won’t represent any radical change in nature:

But a certain disciple scoffed at him, saying, but it is written, ‘there is no new thing under the sun!’ Come, and I will show you their equal in this world, replied he. He went forth and showed him morels and truffles [which resemble cakes–Soncino]; and for silk robes [he showed him] the bark of a young palm-shoot [which has a downy, silk-like substance on the inside–Soncino]. ליגלג עליו אותו תלמיד ואמר אין כל חדש תחת השמש אמר ליה בא ואראך דוגמתן בעולם הזה נפק אחוי ליה כמיהין ופטריות ואכלי מילת נברא בר קורא

Rabban Gamliel clearly envisages the material transformation of the world in the Messianic era not to be any major departure from the nature of nature today.

What if that day is slowly but surely arriving? Read the rest of this entry »


Glaubensweitergabe – Ein Videovortrag

December 10, 2009

Der Name des Festes Chanuká (“[Wieder]-Einweihung“) ruft das Theme der jüdischen Erziehung (“Chinúch“) hervor. Anbei also ein Vortrag, der sich diesem Thema widmet. Sein Titel ist “Glaubensweitergabe des Judentums gestern und heute”. Es wird sowohl von Religionsschulmodellen als von Erziehung in der Familie und von der Sensibilisierung von Eltern gesprochen.

Oder schauen Sie es sich auf vimeo an.

Dieser Vortrag wurde an einer Tagung der Christlich-jüdischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft, Sektion Aargau, am 22. Juni ’09 per Video übertragen. Es ist meine erste Videovortrag, und weil ich vor der Kamera und nicht vor dem Publikum stand, war das Tempo anfänglich vielleicht nicht direkt ideal, aber während des Vortrages verbessert es sich. Schauen Sie aber darüber hinaus, und tragen Sie Ihre Reaktionen als Kommentar zu dieser Webseite ein.


How Trustworthy is the Fish Monger or Fish Restaurant?

November 24, 2009

EnglishSome news articles that stimulate our consideration of halakhic standards.

Here is the case of …

Mysterious Sushi.

While livestock and fowl, which halakhically require she’hitah, need to be produced under strict kashrut supervision, fish is exempt from the requirement of ritually regulated slaughtering, and may be purchased without supervision. Nonetheless, purchasing fish from an unsupervised merchant is not worry free. Substitution by related species is quite common, even though sometimes a genus consists of both kosher (with scales) and non-kosher species (lacking scales). Thus, fillets should not be purchased from unsupervised stores, unless they are made into fillets in presence of the customer, so that the customer can identify the fish first, usually by seeing the skin with scales still attached (exception: salmon may reliably be identified by its peculiar pink flesh).

Nonetheless, many kosher customers are either not aware of the severity of matter, or consider substitution unlikely. So, the following report may come as a surprise: Read the rest of this entry »


UK Commander Challenges Goldstone Report

October 19, 2009

Israel and its Defence Forces are once again being dragged through the mud, pelted with biased and untrue accusations, which has now resulted in a resolution of the UN Human Rights Council passing a draft resolution accepting some of the findings of the Goldstone Report (AP article). [Conveniently, only the part accusing Israel was mentioned by the UNHRC resolution, while the part accusing Hamas was mysteriously forgotten (Jerusalem Post article)]

This diplomatic bomb has the potential to cause loss of life among our brethren in Israel, as, in the words of John Bolton (WSJ editorial), this may bring about the diplomatic equivalent of “putting a loaded pistol to Israel’s head.”

A response against the Report’s vile accusations is in order, so I am interrupting regular programming to bring you the testimony to the UNHRC, of UK commander, Col. Richard Kemp, courtesy of UNWatch:


On the Stereotypical Jew

October 18, 2009

Englishnormal12It has often struck me how people-who-are-not-Orthodox-Jews (i.e., both non-observant Jews and non-Jews) often have quite negative preconceived notions about the Orthodox. This is seen in numerous press accounts about Jews and Judaism (too many to report, but you’ve all seen many of them), as well as how purported Orthodox Jewish characters are portrayed in popular culture. So when I saw Allisson Josephs’ article in a recent Jewish Press, where she wrote the following quote, she struck a chord:

Though I didn’t personally know any Orthodox Jews until my mid-teens or even so much as have a conversation with one of them until high school, my negative opinion was formed at an early age.

I knew I was Jewish – but I was normal Jewish: American, balanced, part of society.

She struck a chord, because I have been at the receiving end of such prejudice, as in the following actual experience. One day, I got a call from a parent planning the bar/bat mitzvah of a child. The parent tried to explain to me where on the religious continuum “it” (well, he/she) found him/herself. “You should know that we are not Orthodox, we are, eh, well, normal.” My reply? “Pardon me, Sir/Lady, but for one moment, would please step into my shoes and tell me how you think I should feel about THAT?”

I should stress that one advantage of having been the rabbi of a so called Einheitsgemeinde, which has a very heterogenous membership, consisting of both observant and non-observant Jews, and everything in between, has been that there may generally be less stereotyping (though we aren’t immune to it, either, as this story illustrated).

Allison Josephs’ article can be accessed here.


Wieso “ruhte” G”tt?

October 14, 2009

DeutschKi miBasel tezé Torá — aus Basel wird, gleich ehrwürdigen jüdischen Gemeinden der ganzen Welt, Torá veroffentlicht und gelehrt. Der basler Verlag Morascha veröffentlich nun die Neuausgabe des 2. Band des Hirsch-Chumasch, mit der Übersetzung und dem Kommentar des Rabbiner Samson Raphael Hirsch, ein klassiker der deutsch-jüdischen Torá-Literatur. Hirsch_Chumasch-MoraschaRabbiner S.R. Hirsch ist wohl bekannt und braucht kaum vorgestellt zu werden; über ihn wurden im Web sogar dützende biografische Seiten geschrieben. Doch ist die Neugestaltung seines Chumasch, das bisher nur als Offset-Druck der originalen Ausgabe — in gothischen Schrift — vorhanden war, zu feiern. Der Text ist schön und deutlich gedruckt, Druckfehler wurden korrigiert und das ganze in einem attraktiven Ensemble gebunden. Die Lehre von Rabbiner Hirsch ist wieder in der Originalsprache breit zugänglich.

Als Illustration seiner tiefen Verständnis des Torá-Textes und der Gebote, bringe ich hier eine Erklärung aus dem Buch Schemót, also aus dem neu erschienenen Band, die eine Stelle in dem Wochenabschnitt der kommenden Woche – Berejschít – erläutert.

Eine immer wiederkehrende Frage im Bezug auf der Schöpfungsgeschichte ist, wieso man an dem Schabbat, der nach Schemót 20:11 Andenken an dieser Schöpfungsgeschichte ist, ruhen muss? Wieso ruhte G”tt, der ja kein Körper hat und dem entsprechend nicht müde wird? Read the rest of this entry »